Party manifestos: what Polish parties stressed, 1991–2019

Loading the manifesto data…

Election Party

Share of the manifesto by domain, % of sentences (bars: 95% interval)

The ten categories it stressed most, % of sentences

Measure

Election Categories Colour

A B

Dimension

Data: the Manifesto Project, WZB Berlin Social Science Center and IfDem Göttingen. Lehmann, Franzmann, Al-Gaddooa, Ivanusch, Riethmüller, Samstag, Volkens, Weßels and Zehnter (2026), The Manifesto Data Collection, Manifesto Project (MRG/CMP/MARPOR), version 2026a, doi.org/10.25522/manifesto.mpds.2026a; and the Manifesto Corpus, version 2026-1. Expert ratings: the Chapel Hill Expert Survey. The dimensions on this page are my own readings of the Manifesto Project's coded categories, not its scales.